Which of the following is a characteristic of active learning?

Active learning is characterized by the direct involvement of learners in the educational process, which significantly enhances engagement and retention of information. When students actively participate—through discussions, problem-solving, group work, or hands-on activities—they develop a deeper understanding of the material. This engagement fosters critical thinking and encourages learners to take responsibility for their education.

In contrast, passive listening to lectures does not engage students in an interactive manner, limiting their ability to absorb and apply the knowledge. Collaboration solely with the instructor restricts peer interactions that can enrich learning through diverse perspectives. Lastly, an emphasis on individual competition detracts from the cooperative spirit that active learning promotes, as it often pits students against each other rather than encouraging collaborative exploration of ideas.